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This Simple Covey Diagram Can Transform How Nonprofit Leaders Navigate Chaos

Why Proactive Strategy Beats Reactive Stress for Today’s Nonprofit CEOs

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While I was away on vacation and dealing with some personal health issues, Congress passed and the President signed into law a sweeping federal budget reconciliation package and a recission bill that cut $9 billion from current-year expenditures. I will be posting a lot on that, but there is a more basic question to answer right now: What should a nonprofit CEO be focusing her attention on right now, in times of unprecedented chaos for the sector?

The first habit in one of my favorite books, Stephen Covey’s The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, is “be proactive.” In that book, he relies on one of my favorite diagrams, which teases out what people should focus their attention on to improve themselves and their situations. He speaks of a circle of concern and circle of influence. In my addition (below), I add a third zone – one’s zone of control – which Covey mentions but doesn’t include. Here’s my modification of that diagram:

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How would Covey recommend a nonprofit CEO divide her attention right now? The operation of a nonprofit would primarily fall within the CEO’s Circle of Influence, with certain aspects squarely inside the Circle of Control, and others extending toward the Circle of Concern. Here’s how Covey would likely break it down:

Circle of Control (Inner-most layer)

These are elements of the nonprofit’s operation that the CEO can directly manage and decide upon, day to day. Covey would view these as the nonprofit CEO’s core realm of personal responsibility and proactivity.

  • Her personal leadership behavior and communication
  • Internal policies and procedures
  • Her calendar and task prioritization
  • Hiring and firing decisions (within constraints)
  • Direct reports’ coaching and accountability
  • How meetings are run and decisions are implemented

This is your daily work, plus how you think about the world, the words you use, your choices, and your attitude. They are critically important, but they are also only a start.

Circle of Influence (Middle layer)

This includes areas the CEO can affect through relationships, strategy, and initiative—what Covey would define as spaces where positive, proactive energy can create results over time.

  • Staff engagement and morale
  • Organizational culture
  • Board alignment and development
  • Donor cultivation and grant writing
  • Collaborations with other nonprofits
  • Advocacy work and community relationships
  • Service design and innovation
  • Stakeholder trust and reputation-building

This is where Covey emphasizes investment of energy: focusing on these areas expands your influence and strengthens the organization’s reach and effectiveness.

Circle of Concern (Outer layer)

These are operational concerns the CEO may care deeply about but cannot control or directly change—often external forces or systemic issues. Covey warns not to waste time dwelling here reactively.

  • Government regulations or political shifts
  • Philanthropic trends in the sector
  • Economic downturns or inflation
  • Peer organizations’ decisions or failures
  • Media narratives or public perception you can't shape directly
  • National or global crises

Covey’s recommendation: acknowledge these issues, but act only where they intersect with your Circle of Influence.

Summary

I think Covey would tell a nonprofit CEO: “Focus your leadership and strategic energy in the Circle of Influence. Grow that influence by consistently aligning your direct actions (Circle of Control) with the values and mission of your organization. Don't burn out worrying about what you can't control—lead by example and let that influence ripple outward.” That’s sound risk management advice, and we will be exploring many of its aspects in upcoming posts.